AI Snake Oil : What Artificial Intelligence Can Do, What It Can't, and How to Tell the Difference

Name: AI Snake Oil : What Artificial Intelligence Can Do, What It Can\u0027t, and How to Tell the Difference
Author: Arvind Narayanan, Sayash Kapoor
ISBN: 9780691249131

by Arvind Narayanan, Sayash Kapoor

Hardcover

AI Snake Oil : What Artificial Intelligence Can Do, What It Can't, and How to Tell the Difference

by Arvind Narayanan, Sayash Kapoor

Hardcover

Overview

From two of TIME' s 100 Most Influential People in AI, what you need to know about AI--and how to defend yourself against bogus AI claims and products Confused about AI and worried about what it means for your future and the future of the world? You're not alone. AI is everywhere--and few things are surrounded by so much hype, misinformation, and misunderstanding. In AI Snake Oil , computer scientists Arvind Narayanan and Sayash Kapoor cut through the confusion to give you an essential understanding of how AI works and why it often doesn't, where it might be useful or harmful, and when you should suspect that companies are using AI hype to sell AI snake oil--products that don't work, and probably never will. While acknowledging the potential of some AI, such as ChatGPT, AI Snake Oil uncovers rampant misleading claims about the capabilities of AI and describes the serious harms AI is already causing in how it's being built, marketed, and used in areas such as education, medicine, hiring, banking, insurance, and criminal justice. The book explains the crucial differences between types of AI, why organizations are falling for AI snake oil, why AI can't fix social media, why AI isn't an existential risk, and why we should be far more worried about what people will do with AI than about anything AI will do on its own. The book also warns of the dangers of a world where AI continues to be controlled by largely unaccountable big tech companies. By revealing AI's limits and real risks, AI Snake Oil will help you make better decisions about whether and how to use AI at work and home.

FormatHardcover

LanguageEnglish

PublisherPrinceton University Press

Publication DateSep. 24th, 2024

ISBN-139780691249131

Dimensions5.91 x 8.74 x 1.06 inches

ISBN-10069124913X

Shipping Weight1.25 lbs

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Professional Reviews

" AI Snake Oil has everything you ever wanted to know about AI."
-- -Sudhirendar Sharma, The Hindu Businessline

Introduction	1
The Dawn of Alas a Consumer Product	3
AI Shakes Up Entertainment	7
Predictive AI: An Extraordinary Claim That Requires Extraordinary Evidence	9
Painting AI with a Single Brush Is Tempting but Flawed	12
A Series of Curious Circumstances Led to This Book	18
The AI Hype Vortex	21
What Is AI Snake Oil?	26
Who This Book Is For	34
How Predictive AI Goes Wrong	36
Predictive AI Makes Life-Altering Decisions	38
A Good Prediction Is Not a Good Decision	43
Opaque AI Incentivizes Gaming	46
Overautomation	48
Predictions about the Wrong People	51
Predictive AI Exacerbates Existing Inequalities	53
A World without Prediction	56
Concluding Thoughts	58
Why Can't AI Predict the Future?	60
A Brief History of Predicting the Future Using Computers	62
Getting Specific	67
The Fragile Families Challenge	70
Why Did the Fragile Families Challenge End in Disappointment?	73
Predictions in Criminal Justice	78
Failure Is Hard. What about Success?	81
The Meme Lottery	86
From Individuals to Aggregates	90
Recap: Reasons for Limits to Prediction	97
The Long Road to Generative AI	99
Generative AI Is Built on a Long Series of Innovations Dating Back Eighty Years	105
Failure and Revival	107
Training Machines to "See"	111
The Technical and Cultural Significance of ImageNet	114
Classifying and Generating Images	118
Generative AI Appropriates Creative Labor	122
AI for Image Classification Can Quickly Become AI for Surveillance	127
From Images to Text	129
From Models to Chatbots	133
Automating Bullshit	139
Deepfakes, Fraud, and Other Malicious Uses	142
The Cost of Improvement	143
Taking Stock	146
Is Advanced AI an Existential Threat?	150
What Do the Experts Think?	151
The Ladder of Generality	156
What's Next on the Ladder?	162
Accelerating Progress ?	165
Rogue AI?	168
A Global Ban on Powerful AI?	172
A Better Approach: Defending against Specific Threats	174
Concluding Thoughts	177
Why Can't AI Fix Social Media?	179
When Everything Is Taken Out of Context	183
Cultural Incompetence	188
AI Excels at Predicting … the Past	194
When AI Goes Up against Human Ingenuity	198
A Matter of Life and Death	201
Now Add Regulation into the Mix	205
The Hard Part Is Drawing the Line	209
Recap: Seven Shortcomings of AI for Content Moderation	216
A Problem of Their Own Making	218
The Future of Content Moderation	223
Why Do Myths about AI Persist?	227
AI Hype Is Different from Previous Technology Hype	231
The AI Community Has a Culture and History of Hype	235
Companies Have Few Incentives for Transparency	239
The Reproducibility Crisis in AI Research	241
News Media Misleads the Public	247
Public Figures Spread AI Hype	251
Cognitive Biases Lead Us Astray	255
Where Do We Go from Here?	258
AI Snake Oil Is Appealing to Broken Institutions	261
Embracing Randomness	265
Regulation: Cutting through the False Dichotomy	268
Limitations of Regulation	274
AI and the Future of Work	276
Growing Up with AI in Kai's World	281
Growing Up with AI in Maya's World	285
Acknowledgments	291
References	293
Index	331
Table of Contents provided by Ingram Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

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Overview

Product Details

FormatHardcover

LanguageEnglish

PublisherPrinceton University Press

Publication DateSep. 24th, 2024

ISBN-139780691249131

Dimensions5.91 x 8.74 x 1.06 inches

ISBN-10069124913X

Shipping Weight1.25 lbs

Professional Reviews

Introduction	1
The Dawn of Alas a Consumer Product	3
AI Shakes Up Entertainment	7
Predictive AI: An Extraordinary Claim That Requires Extraordinary Evidence	9
Painting AI with a Single Brush Is Tempting but Flawed	12
A Series of Curious Circumstances Led to This Book	18
The AI Hype Vortex	21
What Is AI Snake Oil?	26
Who This Book Is For	34
How Predictive AI Goes Wrong	36
Predictive AI Makes Life-Altering Decisions	38
A Good Prediction Is Not a Good Decision	43
Opaque AI Incentivizes Gaming	46
Overautomation	48
Predictions about the Wrong People	51
Predictive AI Exacerbates Existing Inequalities	53
A World without Prediction	56
Concluding Thoughts	58
Why Can't AI Predict the Future?	60
A Brief History of Predicting the Future Using Computers	62
Getting Specific	67
The Fragile Families Challenge	70
Why Did the Fragile Families Challenge End in Disappointment?	73
Predictions in Criminal Justice	78
Failure Is Hard. What about Success?	81
The Meme Lottery	86
From Individuals to Aggregates	90
Recap: Reasons for Limits to Prediction	97
The Long Road to Generative AI	99
Generative AI Is Built on a Long Series of Innovations Dating Back Eighty Years	105
Failure and Revival	107
Training Machines to "See"	111
The Technical and Cultural Significance of ImageNet	114
Classifying and Generating Images	118
Generative AI Appropriates Creative Labor	122
AI for Image Classification Can Quickly Become AI for Surveillance	127
From Images to Text	129
From Models to Chatbots	133
Automating Bullshit	139
Deepfakes, Fraud, and Other Malicious Uses	142
The Cost of Improvement	143
Taking Stock	146
Is Advanced AI an Existential Threat?	150
What Do the Experts Think?	151
The Ladder of Generality	156
What's Next on the Ladder?	162
Accelerating Progress ?	165
Rogue AI?	168
A Global Ban on Powerful AI?	172
A Better Approach: Defending against Specific Threats	174
Concluding Thoughts	177
Why Can't AI Fix Social Media?	179
When Everything Is Taken Out of Context	183
Cultural Incompetence	188
AI Excels at Predicting … the Past	194
When AI Goes Up against Human Ingenuity	198
A Matter of Life and Death	201
Now Add Regulation into the Mix	205
The Hard Part Is Drawing the Line	209
Recap: Seven Shortcomings of AI for Content Moderation	216
A Problem of Their Own Making	218
The Future of Content Moderation	223
Why Do Myths about AI Persist?	227
AI Hype Is Different from Previous Technology Hype	231
The AI Community Has a Culture and History of Hype	235
Companies Have Few Incentives for Transparency	239
The Reproducibility Crisis in AI Research	241
News Media Misleads the Public	247
Public Figures Spread AI Hype	251
Cognitive Biases Lead Us Astray	255
Where Do We Go from Here?	258
AI Snake Oil Is Appealing to Broken Institutions	261
Embracing Randomness	265
Regulation: Cutting through the False Dichotomy	268
Limitations of Regulation	274
AI and the Future of Work	276
Growing Up with AI in Kai's World	281
Growing Up with AI in Maya's World	285
Acknowledgments	291
References	293
Index	331
Table of Contents provided by Ingram Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

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AI Snake Oil : What Artificial Intelligence Can Do, What It Can't, and How to Tell the Difference

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AI Snake Oil : What Artificial Intelligence Can Do, What It Can't, and How to Tell the Difference

Hardcover

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AI Snake Oil : What Artificial Intelligence Can Do, What It Can't, and How to Tell the Difference

Hardcover

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Professional Reviews

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